Flat-faced or brachycephalic pets like Pugs, Bulldogs, Shih Tzus, and Persian cats have won hearts with their adorable squishy faces and expressive eyes. But those charming features come with specific grooming needs that require extra attention.

From skin folds to tear stains, these breeds are prone to hygiene-related issues if not groomed properly. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the best grooming practices for flat-faced pets to keep them clean, comfortable, and healthy.

1. Understand the Grooming Challenges of Flat-Faced Breeds

Brachycephalic pets have unique anatomical features such as:

Wrinkled skin folds
Shortened nasal passages
Large, protruding eyes
Dense or long coats (like Persians)

These traits make them more vulnerable to:

Skin infections in facial folds
Tear staining
Eye irritations
Respiratory issues during grooming

Grooming these pets safely means focusing on gentle, regular care and avoiding stress or overheating.

2. Clean Wrinkles and Facial Folds Daily

Facial folds trap moisture, food particles, and dirt, which can lead to bacterial or yeast infections. To prevent this:

Steps:

Use a soft, damp cloth or unscented pet wipes to clean each fold.
Follow with a dry cotton pad to keep the area moisture-free.
Apply veterinarian-approved antifungal powder or balm if advised.

Tip: Be gentle. The skin in these areas is sensitive and prone to irritation.

3. Manage Eye Discharge and Tear Stains

Large, exposed eyes mean flat-faced pets are more likely to deal with:

Tear overflow
Eye irritation from debris
Visible staining on fur (especially Persians)

How to help:

Gently wipe around the eyes daily using pet-safe eye wipes or a soft damp cloth.
Trim fur around the eyes carefully to avoid irritation.
Visit your vet if tearing is excessive, as it may indicate blocked tear ducts or infection.

4. Keep Their Coat in Check

Persians have long, luxurious coats that mat easily. Pugs, while short-haired, still shed a lot and can develop dandruff.

Persian Cat Coat Care:

Daily brushing with a wide-tooth comb and slicker brush
Use a dematting spray if tangles form
Schedule professional grooming every 4–6 weeks

Pug Coat Care:

Brush 2–3 times per week with a deshedding tool or rubber curry brush
Bathe monthly using hypoallergenic shampoo

Note: Overbathing can dry out their skin—stick to a consistent but moderate schedule.

5. Don't Forget Dental and Nail Care

Flat-faced pets often have crowded teeth, increasing their risk of dental issues.

Tips:

Brush teeth 2–3 times a week using a pet toothbrush and enzymatic toothpaste.
Offer dental chews or vet-approved water additives.
Trim nails every 3–4 weeks to prevent paw discomfort or injury.

6. Bathing Flat-Faced Pets Safely

Bathing should be done with care to avoid water entering the nose or ears, which can cause infections or breathing problems.

Bathing Tips:

Use lukewarm water and keep the head slightly elevated.
Protect the nose and ears by using a gentle stream or damp sponge for the face.
Always dry completely, paying attention to skin folds and behind ears.

7. Monitor for Skin and Breathing Issues During Grooming

Due to their compressed airways, flat-faced breeds are prone to overheating and labored breathing, especially during grooming.

Precautions:

Groom in a cool, calm environment.
Take frequent breaks and monitor for signs of panting, coughing, or blue gums.
Avoid using dryers near the face or loud clippers that may cause stress.

8. Use the Right Products

Flat-faced pets often have sensitive skin. Always opt for:

Fragrance-free, hypoallergenic shampoos and conditioners
Pet-safe face wipes
Non-irritating balms for paw pads and wrinkles

Avoid harsh chemicals, human products, or anything with strong fragrances, as they can cause allergic reactions.

9. Consider Professional Grooming for Persians and Shih Tzus

If you're struggling with matting, tear stains, or keeping your pet calm, a professional groomer experienced with flat-faced breeds can help. Services like:

Sanitary trims
Eye and ear cleaning
Specialized cuts (e.g., lion cuts for Persians)

…can go a long way in making your pet feel and look their best.

Final Thoughts: Grooming is Love in Action

Flat-faced pets require a bit more attention, but their health and happiness are worth it. With gentle daily maintenance and monthly grooming routines, you can help prevent skin infections, eye issues, and dental disease—while keeping your furry friend comfortable and adorable.

Remember, grooming isn’t just about looks—it’s a form of preventive care and bonding. Your pet will thank you with love, licks, and lots of purring or tail wags!

How to Groom Flat-Faced Breeds Like Pugs and Persians